Which technology enhances the operability of a network based on service type?

Quality of Service (QoS) is the technology that enhances the operability of a network based on service type by prioritizing different types of network traffic. QoS mechanisms ensure that critical applications and services receive the necessary bandwidth and lower latency, which is essential for maintaining optimal performance. For example, voice calls and video conferencing applications typically require higher priority and consistent bandwidth to function correctly, while less time-sensitive tasks, such as email or file downloads, can tolerate higher latency and lower priority.

QoS achieves this prioritization through various techniques, including traffic classification, queuing, and bandwidth allocation. By effectively managing how data packets are transmitted through a network, QoS helps to prevent congestion and ensures that essential services remain responsive, thus improving overall user experience.

Other technologies mentioned do not specifically focus on enhancing operability based on service types as QoS does. Port Forwarding directs incoming traffic to specific devices based on port numbers but does not address the prioritization of services. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) can segment network traffic but do not inherently provide quality prioritization. Network Address Translation (NAT) allows for IP address management and does not influence traffic quality or service priority.